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Application Of Laser Cleaning in The Steel Structure Industry
Nov 12,2025
In the development of the steel structure industry, the cleaning and protection of components has always been a critical aspect affecting project quality, safety performance, and service life. From factory steel structures and bridge steel components to large stadium steel trusses, if surface contaminants such as rust, scale, oil stains, and old coatings are not thoroughly removed during production, installation, and operation and maintenance, they will not only affect the quality of subsequent welding and painting processes but also accelerate the corrosion and aging of steel, creating serious safety hazards.
Traditional cleaning methods have gradually revealed many limitations in addressing these problems, while the emergence of laser cleaning technology, with its advantages of high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and precision, provides a brand-new solution to the cleaning challenges of the steel structure industry.
The Principle of Laser Cleaning
Laser cleaning utilizes a focused, high-energy laser beam to instantly heat contaminants (such as paint, rust, and oxides), causing them to rapidly vaporize or desorb and leave the substrate surface, thus achieving the cleaning purpose.
Laser cleaning is applied in pre- and post-weld cleaning, renovation of building steel structures, rust removal and refurbishment of metal parts, cleaning of the inner and outer walls of pipes, and cleaning of iron towers and bridges. Furthermore, laser cleaning does not damage the steel substrate, produces no waste liquid, and any contaminant particles generated can be collected, effectively preventing environmental pollution.
Applications of Laser Cleaning in Steel Structure Industry
Laser rust and paint removal have a wide range of applications in the steel structure industry. Furthermore, due to the ease of operation and lack of chemical requirements, laser rust removal machines can also be used in offshore drilling platforms, nuclear power plants, aerospace equipment, bridges, construction, sand hull shipbuilding, and the oil and gas industries.
Laser cleaning only requires electricity and has no other consumables, allowing it to partially replace traditional sandblasting or steel brush cleaning processes.
Laser cleaning machines can be integrated with CNC machine tools or robots for remote control, enabling automation and creating automated production lines with intelligent operation. In steel mills, production line laser cleaning is primarily used for removing coatings from plate and strip surfaces as the final step before welding. Pre-welding laser cleaning can replace the grinding and sandblasting processes required by traditional welding methods, while reducing porosity and defects in the weld, ensuring weld quality. Laser cleaning is applied post-weld cleaning to remove oxide scale, slag, spatter, and other debris. This facilitates the observation and inspection of weld defects, allowing for timely detection, elimination, and repair of surface defects, thus ensuring product surface quality. Laser cleaning can replace hazardous chemical cleaning methods and allows for immediate post-weld cleaning of stainless steel on the same production line, effectively improving production efficiency.
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